It was a pleasure to be in Prague again this year for the conference Swan Song of Anthropocentric Administration in Europe. I chose to present on the role of AI in the health sector, starting from the current outlook of the Italian National Health Service and the persistent shortcomings related to waiting lists. The introduction of AI tools into health administrations does indeed raise several issues from the perspective of EU administrative law. These issues relate to the multilevel legislative framework and governance, the use of AI in medical assistance, and its implications for patient rights. There is also a need to ensure that AI effectively contributes to improving the quality of care and quality of life at the EU level. Lastly, thanks to the 4EU Plus project, it is possible to engage in comparative exchanges with colleagues from other universities, which are essential for an effective development of an integrated EU administration.

I was honoured to take part in the conference and to engage in discussions with scholars from leading European universities actively. For me, the greatest value of the conference lay in the opportunity to follow how similar questions concerning the use of artificial intelligence in public administration are addressed across different legal systems. The diversity of doctrinal approaches and institutional settings made it possible to reflect not only on current regulatory solutions but also on their future development. The discussions repeatedly showed that the key challenge ahead is not the technology itself, but the ability of public law to respond to it in a way that preserves responsibility, transparency and human involvement in administrative decision-making.

I am particularly thankful to the EU4+ summit and the Department of Administrative Law of Charles University in Prague, and in particular to Prof. Handrlica, for the invitation to present at this international conference of a rare quality. The outstanding scientific exchanges covered many pressing topics around the digital transformation of administrations and the influence of the legal framework on automated administrative decision-making. Particularly striking were the similarities of the problems across countries and fields of administrative law. This event will surely be a “nest” of inspiration for all participants.